Analýza aerodynamických riešení konštrukcie UAV

Abstract

This bachelor thesis deals with the research and analysis of aerodynamic characteristics of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). For the purpose of analysis, 3D models of aircraft with conventional tailplane and V-shaped tailplane were created. Then, airflow simulation was performed using CFD, where the model with conventional tailplane had an asymmetric wing profile, while the other model had a symmetric wing profile. The aim of the analysis was to compare the aerodynamic characteristics of the models, their lift to drag (L/D) ratio and the character of the airflow around the structure. The experiments showed that the model with a conventional tail achieved a better L/D ratio than the model with a V shaped tail. Although the V-tail configuration usually reduces drag, it did not yield significant improvement in this simulation. These results may have been influenced by the wing airfoils used, as asymmetric airfoils produce more lift at low angles of attack and low airspeeds. Consequently, another experiment was performed in which a conventional tail was applied to the V-tail model. This resulted in a worse L/D ratio compared to the original configuration. The obtained results suggest potential opportunities for optimization of UAV designs to increase their aerodynamic efficiency in the future.