Žilinská univerzita v Žiline

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    Identifikace faktorů konkurenceschopnosti Letiště Brno - Tuřany
    (University of Žilina, 2025) Botterová, Chiara; Tomová, Anna
    This paper focuses on the evaluation of regional airport competitiveness within the liberalized framework of the European air transport market. The main objective is to identify and assess the key factors determining the competitive position of Brno–Tuřany Airport, using a comparative analysis with Leoš Janáček Airport Ostrava. Drawing on a comprehensive literature review, nine relevant indicators were selected and quantified through a tailored competitiveness index, applied in both weighted and unweighted forms. The methodological framework enables a structured comparison of airport performance, accounting for both operational and infrastructural dimensions. The analysis reveals that Brno–Tuřany Airport demonstrates a higher level of competitiveness, particularly in terms of passenger traffic, destination network, terminal capacity, and engagement with charter carriers. In contrast, Ostrava Airport shows relative strengths in air cargo throughput and multimodal accessibility via rail transport. The results confirm the applicability of index-based approaches in capturing the multifaceted nature of airport competitiveness and offer a valuable tool for strategic planning and performance evaluation. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the dynamic character of airport markets and the importance of continuous investment and adaptability in infrastructure, connectivity, and service quality.
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    Společenská zodpovědnolst evropských leteckých společností v post-covidovém období
    (University of Žilina, 2025) Maintoková, Aneta; Tomová, Anna
    This article deals with the issue of corporate social responsibility of European airline companies. The main objective of the article is to analyze the approaches between traditional and low-cost carriers, focusing on the period before the pandemic, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The article focuses on a qualitative evaluation of the annual reports of twenty selected European companies. The research showed that traditional airline companies pay more attention to individual aspects of corporate responsibility and focus on all their areas from environmental initiatives to social and ethical efforts. In contrast, low-cost airline companies primarily focus on ecological efficiency and the reduction of emissions with the aim of cost optimization. The COVID-19 pandemic affected both spectrum and content of CSR activities, which were limited during the crisis period. After the pandemic, airline companies are once again placing greater emphasis on corporate social responsibility in their strategies. The article demonstrates that corporate social responsibility is no longer just a tool for improving the image of airline companies but is becoming a strategic part of their management. The conclusions of the article may contribute to a deeper understanding of the ways in which CSR can enhance the competitiveness of airline companies.
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    Perspektívy rozvoja obchodného letectva vo vybraných krajinách sveta
    (University of Žilina, 2025) Senaj, Andrej Timotej; Tomová, Anna
    This paper deals with the analysis of the prospects of business aviation in developing Asian countries, namely in India and the People's Republic of China. In the paper, a systematic overview of the current state of civil aviation and business aviation in both analyzed countries is presented, focusing on historical context, economic development, regulatory environment, airport infrastructure and commercial aviation segment. Particular attention is paid to the identification of stimulating and restrictive factors acting on the demand-side and supply-side that influence the development of business aviation. While India is mainly facing infrastructure, customs and tax barriers, in China, a major limitation is an airspace control and low flexibility of flight operations. At the same time, the paper formulates recommendations for policy and sectoral actors in order to create prerequisites for more efficient growth of business aviation, thereby contributing to the development of the business environment, regional connectivity and economic competitiveness of both countries.
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    Nízko-nákladové podnikanie leteckých dopravcov na dlhé vzdialenosti: úspešný a perspektívny model?
    (University of Žilina, 2025) Tomová, Anna; Švancárová, Nikola
    The paper discusses some costs and revenues aspects of long-haul low-cost business model of air carriers. The paper confims that the average lifespan of long-haul low-cost carriers has increased in time, supporting in this way the research of competitive advantage of such business model. According to the paper´s findings, existing long-haul low-cost carriers are differently hybridized, and therefore we can pronounce that there is more than one long-haul low-cost business model. In this regard, it is questionable whether the concept of long-haul low-cost carrier is proper in current academic terminology and whether the traditional classification of air carriers business models is still inspiring for academic esearch and managerial practise as well.
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    Trhové stratégie v BA so zameraním na Spojené štáty americké
    (University of Žilina, 2024) Bendík, Dávid; Tomová, Anna
    This paper discusses market strategies in business aviation with a focus on the United States. The first part of the paper is devoted to the definition, origins, and historical evolution of business aviation. It also includes an appraisal of the global significance of BA with an emphasis on Europe and the United States. The second part of the paper explains why it is beneficial to analyse market strategies in BA in the United States. Close attention is given to two highly important market strategies. The third, practical part of the paper provides essential data on the nineteen business airlines discussed by the author, along with an analysis of their fleet structure. In this part, the paper also focuses on the market tenure of the individual BA companies, offers a comparative analysis of their product portfolios, investigates acquisitions and collaborations, and characterizes the United States business aviation segment using Porter’s Five Forces analysis. The last part of the paper is dedicated to the interpretation of the main findings. The analyses conducted in the paper were based on business airline websites, aviation internet magazine articles and a research website that concentrates on the business aviation sector.
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    Politika obstarania lietadiel leasingom podľa modelu podnikania leteckých dopravcov
    (University of Žilina, 2024) Chynoranský, Jakub; Tomová, Anna
    The paper analyses the possible dependence of airline business models and the ratio of aircraft acquired through leasing in their fleets. The research sample consisted of 15 airlines, with 4 categories of business models represented: low-cost (LCC), 2 hybrid and full-service network business model (FSC). Based on the results obtained, we can conclude the dependence of business models and leasing ratio in the case of research sample. The demonstrated dependence was confirmed in the analysis when the scale of the fleet was taken into account. The findings confirm the view of the authors describing the low-cost business model as the one with a higher tendency to acquire aircraft by leasing, and, on the contrary, the traditional network model with a lower tendency. However, unlike other authors' studies, we have shown that the increase in the proportion of leased aircraft in fleets over the 2018-2022 study period was experienced by carriers in all business model categories, and the rise in the leasing market was not driven by growth in one business model - FSC. We propose to include the ratio of leased aircraft in the airline fleet among the attributes of the business model analysis, but an important step is to consider fleet size. We recommend conducting a similar analysis on a wider sample of airlines and continuing to research this topic.
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    Komparácia konkurencieschopnosti leteckých dopravcov EÚ a ASEAN v konktexte novej bilaterálnej dohody o službách leteckejdopravy
    (University of Žilina, 2024) Patková, Denisa; Tomová, Anna
    The comparison of competitiveness of EU and ASEAN air carriers in the context of the new bilateral agreement on air transport services, thesis analyzes the agreement and also analyzes financial and operational indicators of selected airlines from both regions. Based on the collected data and evaluation of the results, i tis possible to idetify the factors that affect the competitiveness of these carriers and formulate recommendations to strengthen them.
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    Letiskové sloty a trhový mechanizmus
    (University of Žilina, 2024) Suchanovský, Matúš; Tomová, Anna
    The paper discusses the issue of airport slots and possible implementations of market mechanisms into the airport capacity allocation system. To understand the key facts related to slot allocation, it contains a basic theoretical definition. Subsequently, the paper focuses on slot allocation rules in the EU. The views from the literature on the introduction of a slot market mechanism in the EU are also confronted, with a focus on primary and secondary trading as well as on the possibilities of involving third parties in the trading system. Furthermore, experiences with airport slot trading in the UK and the US are described. Alternatives for future developments in the EU are also set out, with a focus on reform of the slot allocation system in the UK and the European Union. An evaluation of the findings is presented at the end of the paper.
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    State aid to airports as a problem of competition in the EU
    (University of Zilina, 2021) Furčáková, Stanislava; Tomová, Anna
    The paper deals with the issues of state aid to airports in the context of pandemic and competition in the European Union. Covering the current pandemic, the paper brings findings on the number of state aid cases, forms of state aids, chronology of state aids, and the time duration between the notification and the decision of European Commission. In the conclusions, old member states of the European Union are compared with newer member states in this regard. As it shows that European Commission understands current aviation situation and approves measures notified by the Member states of Union.
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    The importance of scheduled air traffic for airport existence
    (University of Zilina, 2021) Hromcová, Martina; Tomová, Anna
    The importance of scheduled air transport for the existence of airports is a topic that is constantly relevant, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, which has negatively affected operations at all world airports, disrupted its regularity and thus its direct and indirect effects on the region. This work focuses on airports dependent on the operation of scheduled air transport from several perspectives. After an initial study of the available literature on the importance of scheduled air transport for the existence of airports, we defined the terms demand and supply factors of the airport influencing scheduled air transport. One of the key parts of the work is the calculation of the critical number of airport movements, which represents the break even point in the amount of production in which the airport shows no loss but also no profit. The reasons for the abolition of scheduled air services, such as the occurrence of a military conflict near the airport or insufficient research of the demand for air traffic in the area, are described in the chapter analyzing European and global airports with canceled scheduled air traffic in individual case studies. The chapter also deals with the alternative uses of airports themselves, which were forced to terminate their function for the public. Airports and their equipment are highly specialized for use in air transport operations and therefore operators and their subsequent owners often face difficulties in finding alternative uses. An essential part of this work is an analysis of the response of selected European airports to the outbreak of Covid-19 in 2020 and a comparison of the number of passengers carried at these airports in 2019 and 2020. The final chapter contains a summary of findings and the call to change transport policies in the benefit of airports and their protection from future aviation pitfalls such as the Covid-19 pandemic.