Technológ

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://drepo.uniza.sk/handle/hdluniza/549

Vychádza spravidla dvakrát ročne. Publikuje vedecké, výskumné, odborné, teoretické práce, návody, štúdie, recenzie, informácie o spracovaní technických materiálov. Zameriava sa na uverejňovanie príspevkov a prác venujúcich sa otázkam z oblasti trieskových a beztrieskových technológií, fyzikálnych princípov, nekonvenčných technológií, technologickosti konštrukcií nástrojov, ekonomike výrobného procesu, ekologizácii, spracovaniu odpadov. Takisto publikuje práce o strojoch, nástrojoch, prípravkoch a meracej technike pre oblasť mechanických technológií, výsledkoch výskumu vo sfére informačných technológií v technologickej oblasti. Uverejňuje práce o histórii a vývine mechanických technológií. Časopis zverejňuje príspevky v jazykoch: slovenskom, českom, poľskom, ruskom, anglickom a nemeckom.

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Additive manufacturing technology
(University of Žilina, 2025) Domaniková, Ivana; Blatnický, Miroslav; Dižo, Ján; Slušňák, Patrik
The article presents an informative overview on the challenges of additive manufacturing technologies. It highlights various methods and their practical applications. Additive manufacturing offers an innovative approach to producing a wide range of objects by depositing material layer by layer according to a digital model. The article describes the fundamental operating principles, commonly used materials, and key areas in which additive manufacturing is implemented. We will describe the benefits of using this manufacturing method, including product customization, reduced material waste, and shorter production times. Our aim is to acquaint the reader with the technology of additive manufacturing and the principles underlying its operation.
Analýza jazdných vlastností modifikovaného vozidla a jeho komponentov v dôsledku zmeny pohonného ústrojenstva a ovplyvnenie vzájomného pôsobenia kontaktu koleso/koľajnica
(University of Žilina, 2023) Dižo, Ján; Ishchuk, Vadym; Lovska, Alyona; Blatnický, Miroslav; Solčanský, Sebastián
The presented article is focused on analysis of running properties of a modified railway vehicle and its components due to a change of the powertrain and influence of the mutual effects in a wheel/rail contact. The modification of a vehicle consists in a change of a standard diesel-electric powertrain by a new powertrain, which includes as a source of power the hydrogen fuel cells. This modification represents a quite significant modification of a vehicle structure, mainly a change of mass and position of centre of gravity individual articles of a vehicle. The analysis of running properties is performed by means of simulation computations in a commercial simulation software Simpack. Simulation model of a vehicle is called as a multibody model. This model consists of rigid bodies, which are connected by flexible modelling elements. Simulation analyses are performed for an original vehicle and for vehicle with hydrogen fuel cells. There are analysed cases of running on two types of tracks. There is found oud based on the obtained results, that the modified vehicle with the hydrogen cells has similar force distribution in a wheel/rail contact, however, the axle load of the modified vehicle does not meet required criteria.
Analýza súčasného stavu problematiky využitia manipulačných zariadení pre potreby skúšobných stavov brzdných komponentov koľajových vozidiel
(University of Žilina, 2024) Molnár, Denis; Blatnický, Miroslav; Dižo, Ján; Lovska, Alyona
The paper deals with the current state of the art of the research test stands of braking components of rail vehicles in synthesis to the need of handling equipment utilisation accompanying the research in question. The compact form of the introduced information will be the input material for the design of an original handling device, sophisticatedly designed for the needs of the test stand for rail vehicles brake components testing. The brake test stand is located at the Department of Transport and Handling Machines at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the University of Žilina. The task of proposed handling device will be to facilitate the work of laboratory staff, increase the safety of handling and shorten the preparation time of the measurement process at brake test stand. In addition, a more detailed description of the brake test stand at the Department of Transport and Handling Machines is included in the paper.
Determination of the dynamic load of an improved hatch cover of an open wagon during operating modes
(University of Žilina, 2023) Lovska, Alyona; Gerlici, Juraj; Dižo, Ján; Blatnický, Miroslav; Ishchuk, Vadym
The article presents the results of determining the dynamic load of the improved cover of an open wagon under operational conditions. The peculiarity of the manhole cover is that the canvas is formed by the upper and lower sheets, between which, there is an energy-absorbing material with viscous properties. The dynamic load of the cover when a load of 150 kg falls on it was studied. It was determined, that the use of energy-absorbing material contributes to the reduction of the cover load by 21 % compared to a typical original design. The main indicators of the dynamics of an open wagon equipped with improved manhole covers are calculated. The results of the calculations showed that the studied dynamic indicators are within the permissible limits. The conducted studies will contribute to the reduction of damage to manhole covers during operation and the cost of maintaining one wagons.
Eigenanalysis of a valvetrain simplified model of a combustion engine with 3DOF
(University of Žilina, 2025) Dižo, Ján; Blatnický, Miroslav; Dziubak, Tadeusz
A valvetrain is a necessary structural unit of every combustion engine with discontinued combustion process. It ensures changing cylinder filling, allow low level of exhaust emissions and an optimal combustion process. There are several types of valvetrains depending on their design solution. In principle, there are recognized older valvetrain systems marked as OHV (overhead valve engine) and OHC (overhead camshaft engine). Regardless of a type of valvetrain, they include several components, which are in mutual connection. As they are exposed to dynamic effect during operational conditions, they should have suitable dynamical properties. A valvetrain is a mechanical system. The essential dynamical properties of a mechanical system of a valvetrain of a combustion engine include eigenfrequencies and eigenmodes. The article is focused on eigen analysis of a valvetrain of a combustion engine. Equations of motion of a simplified dynamical model of a valvetrain are derived. Eigen characteristics of a chosen type of a valvetrain are calculated. Matlab software and Simpack multibody software were used for calculation of the derived equations.
Hodnotenie pohodlia jazdy v osobnom vagóne prostredníctvom rovinného dynamického modelu pri zvislom kmitaní
(University of Žilina, 2024) Dižo, Ján; Lovska, Alyona; Blatnický, Miroslav; Ishchuk, Vadym
The presented research is focused on a derivation of a mathematical model of a passenger wagon based on a dynamical model in a plane with three degrees of freedom. Vertical oscillation of a passenger wagon is calculated in two different software, namely Matlab and Simpack. It is considered that three degrees of freedom are defined as following: a vertical deflection of a front bogie frame, a vertical deflection of a rear bogie frame (in a running direction) and a vertical deflection of a wagon body. The Lagrange’s equations of the second kind method is used for a derivation of the equations of motion, i.e. for a derivation of a mathematical model of wagon oscillation. Subsequently, the derived equations of motion are solved in the Matlab software as well as in the Simpack software. Both software apply calculation in a time domain. Evaluation of the results is focused on an investigation of ride comfort for passengers. This ride comfort is expressed by the NMV index calculated in five points on a wagon body floor. These calculations come from the formulation defined in the corresponding standard. The results of the NMV indices are presented in the bar graphs based on the numerical values of the NMV indices.
Konštrukčný návrh koľajového adaptéra pre ľahké nákladné vozidlo, typ oceľ-oceľ
(University of Žilina, 2024) Dižo, Ján; Fiačan, Jakub; Lovska, Alyona; Blatnický, Miroslav; Ishchuk, Vadym
Transportation is a quite complex system for relocation of passengers and goods for longer of shorter distances. Nowadays, a combination of several types of transport is typical for the most countries. Land transport includes road transport and railway transport. There are number of types of vehicles used for these individual kinds of transport. The most of them are able to move only on a road or on a railway track. However, there are a quite narrow group of vehicles, which can move both on a road and on a railway track. There are called rail-road vehicles. In principle, there are derived from road vehicle. The main objective of this rticle is to present an engineering design of an adapter for a light lorry. The work brings the main structural units of the rail-road vehicle and compares its properties with the previous engineering design. Despite, there are rail-road vehicles, this engineering design is characterized, that the adapter allows to set railway wheels to main track gauge.
Konštrukčný návrh mechanizmu skrutkového manipulátora turniketu sypkých materiálov
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Molnár, Denis; Blatnický, Miroslav; Dižo, Ján; Ishchuk, Vadym
The article is the next step in the ongoing research regarding the incorporation of the proposed bulk material turnstile assembly into an existing production line serving the food industry for bagging powdered milk. The main goal of this contribution is the presentation of the structural design and related technical calculations of the screw manipulator as part of the turnstile for loose materials. The proposed mechanism will enable precise manipulation of the turnstile, especially when it is necessary to clean the pipe connected to the turnstile. Such handling is relevant nowadays due to increasing the safety of maintenance of machines and equipment and due to reducing the physical load of maintenance workers. The results prove the appropriateness of the use of the given structural design and are the basis for further research in the given area. The results will be implemented in the form of boundary conditions for the numerical analyses of the connecting elements of the frame carrying the entire carriage with the turnstile (the frame forms a path for the carriage) and also for numerical calculations of the frame itself. The goal is to achieve a state where the entire structure is safe for the operator during maintenance and also for its surroundings during normal operation.
Konštrukčný návrh rámu korby pre jednonápravový príves za traktor
(University of Žilina, 2023) Dižo, Ján; Blatnický, Miroslav; Ishchuk, Vadym; Molnár, Denis; Kurtulík, Jakub
This article is focused on the results of the research, which is intended to design of a single-axle tipping tractor trailer. The trailer consists of two main parts, a frame and a superstructure. Both parts of the trailer must undergo strength analyses under determined loading conditions. While results of strength analyses of the frame were already presented on the previous event, this work shows an overview of the strength analysis of the tipping superstructure of the trailer. The structure has been analysed under static loads and dynamical effects have been considered by means of a dynamic coefficient. The task has been performed by application of the Finite Element Method (FEM). Some chosen load cases have been analysed and the distribution of stresses in the structure has been evaluated. Results have shown that the designed structure of the tipping superstructure is able to withstand the given loads and it can be used in practice.
Matematický model pohonnej sústavy koľajového vozidla
(University of Žilina, 2023) Dižo, Ján; Blatnický, Miroslav; Ishchuk, Vadym; Molnár, Denis; Solčanský, Sebastián
The presented research is aimed at the derivation of a mathematical model of diesel-mechanical drivetrain of a rail vehicle. It is derived by means of the Lagrange’s equations of the second kind. The derived mathematical model allows to understand the essential principle of the derivation of the mathematical model of the diesel-mechanical drivetrain of a rail vehicle, an application of the numerical mathematical methods for the solving the equations of motion and for evaluation of the wanted outputs quantities, such as waveforms of revolutions and torques of shafts and others.
Motorové jednotky nezávislej trakcie s jednonápravovým podvozkom
(University of Žilina, 2024) Bučko, Martin; Dižo, Ján; Blatnický, Miroslav; Lovska, Alyona
The article analyses the current state of the motor wagons and units with implemented single-axle bogies, operated on local lines as well as abroad. The technical parameters of individual rolling stock were compared. The main goal of the article is to present an overview of independent traction multiple units, which are equipped with a single-axle bogie. There are described rail vehicles used on only in the Slovak Republic, but also in Europe. As the use of this type of rail vehicle is on the decline, this overview reflects the current state in this field of rail vehicle design, at which, information is complemented with corresponding illustrations.
Návrh elektrického mechanizmu otáčania výložníka stĺpového žeriava pre manipuláciu s kalovými čerpadlami
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Blatnický, Miroslav; Dižo, Ján; Molnár, Denis; Ishchuk, Vadym
The article is a continuation of the issue of the technical solution of the hinge for handling sludge pumps in the Jaslovské Bohunice nuclear power plant. The main goal is the design of the electric jib rotating mechanism. It was based on the previous proposal for placing the boom consisting of a dimensional calculation of the new support column and the proposal for placing the boom on this column. The save consisted of two bonds. The upper support of the boom was solved using a rolling bearing fixed in the upper part of the column. The bottom bearing contains an axial plain bearing and a fixed gear as part of the rotating mechanism. In the next step, it is necessary to design the attachment of the selected electric motor with a planetary gearbox and a pinion for this construction. The priority in the design will be mainly to observe the axial distance of the gears, but also to consider the mounting method given by the manufacturer and the torque generated by the engine. A holder in which the motor is attached and then attached to the structure will be designed. Thanks to this, the axial distance will be fulfilled. In addition to supporting the motor, the holder also serves as a radial bearing lock, preventing the bearing from being accidentally pulled out. The result of calculations and designs will be 2D diagrams and 3D visualization of the new construction.
Návrh koľajového adaptéra typu guma-koľajnica pre ľahké nákladné vozidlo
(University of Žilina, 2024) Dižo, Ján; Fiačan, Jakub; Blatnický, Miroslav; Lovska, Alyona; Ishchuk, Vadym
The article is focused on design of a tyre-rail adapter to be mounted on a light road-rail vehicle. The novelty of the design consists in its possibility to change the wheelbase of the vehicle axles for different railway tracks gauges. Then, the considered light vehicle could fulfil various working tasks in a country, where more railway tracks gauges occur. The modified vehicle is a light lorry, which is intended to be used as a versatile and utility vehicle for maintenance purposes and repairing purposes.
Odvodenie matematického modelu hnacieho mechanizmu pre pohon prídavných zariadení dopravného prostriedku
(University of Žilina, 2023) Dižo, Ján; Ishchuk, Vadym; Lovska, Alyona; Blatnický, Miroslav; Molnár, Denis
The article is focused on a derivation of a mathematical model of a drive mechanism of for a drive of an additional devices of a transport mean. Additional devices are inseparable part of lorries, buses as well as railway vehicles, such as locomotives with independent traction. These additional devices serve for drive of compressors or other similar devices. The mathematical model is derived by means of the Lagrange’s quations of the second kind method. After finding the energies, the method of the reduction of mass and force quantities to the chosen part. In this case, it is reduced to the drive shaft of the considered mechanism. The presented mechanism is described by means of one equation of motion. This equation can be solved by means of the Matlab software. The last part of the article additional includes illustrations of the solved mechanism created in the Simpack multibody software, which can be analysed and the results can be compared with the results obtained from the Matlab software.
Orgány riaditeľnosti a stability letúnov, 2. časť
(University of Žilina, 2023) Solčanský, Sebastián; Dižo, Ján; Blatnický, Miroslav; Ishchuk, Vadym
This paper deals with flight control and stability surfaces, which is a comprehensive overview of control and stability surfaces of an aeroplane, especially three main control surfaces elevator, ailerons and rudder. These are analysed from the perspective of functions, locations, divisions and aeromechanics. Part of the paper is dedicated to the definition of aircraft, the division of aircraft and the structure of the aeroplane.
Porovnanie systémov prenosu výkonu koľajových vozidiel s nezávislou trakciou
(University of Žilina, 2025) Bučko, Martin; Samaš, Vladimír; Dižo, Ján; Blatnický, Miroslav
The article deals with independent traction rail vehicles, mainly the power transmission type. The advantages and disadvantages of different types of power transmission for independent traction vehicles are compared, including the use of a particular type in each category of rail vehicles and a schematic illustration.
Posúdenie stability lesného kolesového traktora vybaveného hydraulickou rukou
(University of Žilina, 2023) Dižo, Ján; Blatnický, Miroslav; Ishchuk, Vadym; Lovska, Alyona; Fidrik, Filip
Wheeled forests tractors are inseparable part of a forest economy. Wheeled forests tractors serve for logging of logs in forests. Current wheeled forests tractors are usually equipped with hydraulic arms, which allow to expand the utility of such tractors. A tractor with a hydraulic arm can handle with wood logs without a need additional forest machine, which helps to reduce costs. On the other hand, it is necessary to analyse tractors abilities, which has such an additional equipment. This article is focused on assessment of stability of a heeled forest tractor, which is equipped by such a hydraulic arm. As the hydraulic arm changes the centre of gravity of an entire tractor, mainly with the load, safe operation of the tractor needs to know limit conditions of stability under the maximal load and in the given slope inclination.
Skúmanie jazdných vlastností koľajového vozidla a vzájomného pôsobenia kontaktu koleso/koľajnica pomocou simulačných výpočtov
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Šťastniak, Pavol; Gerlici, Juraj; Dižo, Ján; Blatnický, Miroslav; Kravchenko, Kateryna
The paper deals with the dynamic analysis and evaluation of the driving characteristics of the selected railway vehicle through computer simulations on virtual and mathematical models. Approaches and methodology from the point of view of creating a virtual model of a railway vehicle as a multi-body system are described in detail., its components and their interrelationships, with the help of which it is possible to obtain the results of a simulated driving of a vehicle with specified parameters of the mechanical system of the vehicle and the track. Practical calculations are performed using the Simpack computer program.
Súčasný stav prevodoviek s nastaviteľným prevodovým pomerom pri elektrickom pohone
(University of Žilina, 2024) Blatnický, Miroslav; Samaš, Vladimír; Dižo, Ján
The scope of this article covers potential technologies for transmission mechanisms with variable gear ratios that can be applied to electric traction. A transmission with an adjustable gear ratio allows for the adaptation of the gear ratio according to usage conditions. By adjusting the gear ratio and consequently the traction forces, we can enhance driving parameters, e.g. improved both efficiency and range. The paper theoretically examines various transmissions with variable gear ratios and compares their parameters in the context of electric drives.
Systèmes de traction électrique modernes: avantages des moteurs PMSM dans le transport ferroviaire
(University of Žilina, 2025) Samaš, Vladimír; Bučko, Martin; Gerlici, Juraj; Dižo, Ján; Blatnický, Miroslav
Currently, there is a growing global emphasis on environmentally friendly transportation, with railway transport being one of the most efficient and sustainable modes of travel. This form of transport is distinguished by low rolling resistance, which leads to reduced energy consumption for both passenger and freight transport. Electric traction, widely used in railway vehicles, can be categorized as either dependent or independent. Dependent electric traction represents an environmentally friendly solution, as it eliminates the need for petroleum based fuels and instead utilizes electricity drawn from the grid. However, this approach is truly ecological only when the electricity is generated from renewable and sustainable sources. Modern electric traction systems rely on electric motors, and this article aims to provide a detailed analysis of the application of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) in railway transport, particularly in the context of electric traction. PMSM motors are characterized by high efficiency and excellent controllability, making them well-suited for extensive use in railway applications. Their significant potential in this field positions them as a promising solution for future sustainable and efficient transport systems.